Ancient Gold Extraction at Bir Umm Fawakhir - JSTOR
miners win gold from the rocks of Bir Umm Fawakhir- is the subject of this paper. Bir Umm Fawakhir lies in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt at 26° 00' N and 33° 22' to 23' E, or about 5 km northeast of the Wadi Hammamat, on one of the most important routes between the Nile at Quft (ancient Coptos) and the Red Sea at Quseir (see fig. 1).